Data Conversion can sometimes be simple.
Usually it gets complex, and often very complex.
Here is something simple. A prior database in Microsoft SQL Server has a data table named customer, and the new database in MySQL has a data table named customer.
The data columns are all the same width, but the data column names are slightly different.
Microsoft SQL Server Customer
customer_name
customer_address_line_1
customer_address_line_2
customer_city
customer_state
customer_zipcode
MySQL Customer
name
address1
address2
city
state
zip
So for this simple scenario the destination columns in MySQL are clear. Since the data column widths are the same, no data will need to be changed to fit a different size.